In January, Illinois Governor J.B. Pritzker signed the Clean and Reliable Grid Affordability Act (CRGA) into law, sending waves through the solar industry.
The CRGA builds on the state’s successful 2021 Climate and Equitable Jobs Act (CEJA), cementing Illinois’ commitment to renewable energy. But, perhaps most importantly, the upcoming law could make electricity more affordable for residents. At a time when energy consumption is rapidly increasing, affordable electricity is a critical issue.
But what does the CRGA do for Illinoisans, and can other states use it as a blueprint for their own residents?
What is the Illinois Clean and Reliable Grid Affordability Act (SB-25)?
According to Gov. Pritzker, the law, which takes effect June 1, 2026, achieves several key renewable energy goals.
While the focus is on driving clean energy development, the CRGA aims to align ratepayers, developers, and utilities. When combined, proponents of the law say it could create jobs, lower electricity rates, and stabilize grid performance.
Specifically, the CRGA tackles a few high-level issues, including:
Lower Utility Bills for Illinois Residents
As part of the law, Illinois plans to add another 3 GW of battery storage to the state’s grid by 2030. Battery storage has given solar and wind energy a boost in many instances, making them more consistent power generators.
Another method of reducing utility bills is by adding more power generators to the grid. In this case, the state is lifting a decades-long moratorium on nuclear energy development. Keep in mind, the moratorium isn’t ending for all nuclear installations, just those over 300 MW.
The CRGA includes another layer designed to reduce consumer costs. State utility and energy regulators have more power, giving them oversight into overall resource planning and management. The hope here is to reduce grid volatility and slow down or reverse energy costs.
Develop New and Emerging Energy Sources
For decades, traditional fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas have ruled the generation landscape.
Today’s electricity generation mix, however, is more diverse, thanks to innovative clean energy technologies. Illinois’ CRGA continues to promote new energy sources, allowing the state to develop new long-term renewable energy partnerships.
But partnerships don’t mean much if residents don’t save money on their electricity bills. To reduce costs and encourage development, the CRGA expands the maximum size of community solar projects from 5 MW to 10 MW. By doubling the size, lawmakers hope to create more opportunities for mid-scale solar projects while improving grid reliability.
Of course, embracing new technology means striking while the iron is hot. Although Illinois wants to establish a long-term approach to clean energy development, federal funding may not be available. To that end, the state has reduced red tape, fast-tracking renewable energy projects to beat federal tax credit deadlines.
The move makes sense, considering the current administration’s stance on clean energy. The CRGA essentially allows Illinois to “get while the getting is good” and receive money before federal sunsets arrive.
Protecting Consumers
One aspect of the CRGA that appeals to many people is the establishment of a Solar Bill of Rights.
Essentially, the Bill of Rights solidifies several key protections for residents, including those investing in low-voltage solar projects.
According to the CRGA, “Notwithstanding any provision of this Code or other provision of law, the adoption of any ordinance or resolution or the exercise of any power by a county that prohibits or has the effect of prohibiting the installation of a solar energy system or low-voltage solar-powered devices is expressly prohibited.”
Long story short, HOAs, municipal governments, and counties can’t stop residents from taking advantage of solar energy. This is a win for consumers, as it opens the door for anyone to generate solar energy. For example, renters could one day invest in ultra-small-scale systems to reduce costs.
The CRGA also creates and expands Virtual Power Plant programs in the state for people with battery storage systems. According to the law, residents enrolled in a VPP can receive a $250 rebate per kWh of storage capacity.
Create and Update Integrated Resource Plans
One of the most critical pieces of the CRGA is the creation and expansion of Illinois’ Integrated Resource Plan.
The idea behind IRPs is simple — save ratepayers money, maintain grid reliability, limit energy shortfalls, and improve energy portfolios. When done well, integrated resource plans put operators and ratepayers on equal ground. In this case, the state’s electric utilities must work in good faith to maintain ratepayer costs while planning for the future.
Utilities must submit initial IRPs to the Illinois Commerce Commission by November 15, 2026. Subsequent plans are due on September 30, 2029, then again four years later.
Cautiously High Hopes
The CRGA is ambitious, but Illinois Power Agency officials say the law could save ratepayers $13.4 billion over two decades. All told, net savings could sit around $12 billion.
Skeptics, though, think the estimated savings could be on the high side. They contend that battery subsidies may trigger additional costs, forcing consumer rate hikes. The jury is still out, but battery costs have fallen dramatically in only a few short years.
Meanwhile, state officials say the CRGA can limit energy waste and provide much-needed relief for low-income residents. The Citizens Utility Board (CUB) echoed the response, suggesting $1 invested in energy efficiency could return $2 or more.
But how does the math work? The CUB believes investments in the grid and alternative energies today could help the state avoid expensive future grid upgrades.
How Does SB-25 Impact Illinois and State Sovereignty?
The truth is, energy bills are rising, especially for low-income residents.
The CRGA aims to improve affordability by increasing and diversifying the amount of power produced in the state. As more power comes online, costs go down, boosting affordability.
At the same time, new and emerging energy generation options help modernize an aging electrical grid. The introduction of more solar systems, virtual power plants, and microgrids reduces reliance on the larger grid. Similarly, smaller grids and backup systems reduce the impact and spread of outages when they occur.
Equally as important as keeping rates low is preparing for the state’s energy future. Combining solar, wind, energy storage, and even nuclear power plants helps reduce the need for fossil fuels. In turn, better technology enhances our ability to produce and distribute power.
States Control Their Fates
Illinois is among a growing number of states expanding their investment in clean, renewable energies.
For example, Texas has heavily invested in renewable energy, becoming a leading solar and wind energy producer. The bet has paid off handsomely so far, as they’ve recently set generation records for solar and wind.
ERCOT, which controls Texas’ electrical grid, recently reported new generation records, thanks to high winter wind speeds and sunny spring days. In 2025, the state also saw a large number of renewable projects come online, boosting overall production.
As federal support for renewable energy fades, states like Illinois are spearheading state-led initiatives. Time will tell what these programs may look like in 5-10 years, but for now, they’ve given developers and utilities renewed hope.
Will Other States Follow Suit?
The solar industry can’t trust federal funding, which has sent a chill throughout the country.
We’ve already seen the initial results stemming from the abrupt funding reductions for renewable energy. Tax incentives are ending sooner than expected, and Inflation Reduction Act programs have lost funding. In the current environment, states are now choosing to enact their own clean energy agendas.
Luckily, solar developers and EPCs can access state and local government programs and find funding. The DSIRE database is especially helpful, compiling state and municipal programs designed to make renewable energy more affordable.
Community and utility-scale solar developers can also find hope in community solar programs. Currently, 19 states and the District of Columbia have community solar programs, which establish microgrids and help consumers access low-cost renewable energy.
A Blueprint for Other States
Although Illinois’ new law isn’t active yet, in the coming months, the CRGA will give more teeth to the state’s previous 2021 law. It will also join many other progressive programs across the United States.
The majority of U.S. states have some sort of clean energy portfolio, but many Southeastern states haven’t signed on. If successful, Illinois’ process could one day serve as a guide for other states with clean energy goals.
We’ll eventually see how utilities, ratepayers, and the state will adjust, but renewable energy seems safe for now.
