Tag: solar energy

BESS Buy: Solar Excels with Battery Energy Storage Systems

Posted on by Gino Geruntino

What do the solar industry and the Greek story of Achilles have in common? 

It seems like a stretch, but the renewable energy darling and powerful Greek warrior have plenty of similarities. 

Over the past decade, solar energy has emerged as a low-cost electricity producer. It consistently leads other energy generation methods, including wind and natural gas, in quarterly capacity additions, and accounted for 61% of new capacity in 2024. 

And, to be fair, solar checks off almost every box you’d want in an energy producer: 

Like Achilles, solar energy seems like an unstoppable juggernaut. But, like our Greek hero, it also suffers from a potentially fatal flaw: consistency. 

Consistently Inconsistent 

Unlike traditional fossil fuels, which produce energy as long as fuel is available, solar panels need sunlight to work. As a result, it’s currently difficult for the U.S. to fully embrace solar solutions. 

However, rapidly evolving battery technology may finally address the issue. 

Battery energy storage systems, or BESS, allow us to store energy for when we need it most. Not only do BESS make solar and wind energy more consistent, but they also address lingering grid reliability issues. 

But what is BESS, how do they work, and how can these systems create cost savings for solar developers, utilities, and end users? 

What is a Battery Energy Storage System? 

Think of a battery energy storage system (BESS) as a gigantic rechargeable battery. 

When solar panels or wind turbines generate electricity, it flows into the massive batteries. Once collected, the batteries store the energy until needed. Generally, BESS systems help with balancing generated energy alongside the larger electrical grid. 

Like the rechargeable AA batteries powering our TV remotes, BESS systems operate using the same technology. Depending on the need and application, customers have several options for BESS installations, including: 

Lithium-ion: The most common BESS system battery used in the field. Developers like these systems because of low upfront and maintenance costs, long lifespan, and low thermal runaway risk. We can find lithium-ion batteries in plenty of everyday products, including laptops, smartphones, and electric vehicles. 

Lead-Acid: This battery type is common in vehicles, lawn mowers, and heavy machinery. It also has applications in telecom equipment, uninterruptible power supplies, and renewable energy projects. 

Flow Batteries: Flow batteries store generated power in two liquid electrolyte solutions, one positive and one negative. The amount of energy held depends on the size of the tanks used for the liquids. When we generate power, electrons move from the positive solution to the negative one. The process reverses when the battery discharges. 

Despite their composition differences, all three systems have high round-trip efficiencies. This means operators can pull a high percentage of stored energy from the battery if needed. 

And, just like our batteries at home, BESS have lifespans, eventually leading to recycling and replacement. The standard utility-scale BESS system can last more than a decade, but components like transformers can last much longer. Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory suggest BESS systems could last up to 35 years by replacing battery components when needed. 

Thanks to constantly improving technology, new chemistries, and storage methods, battery costs are declining rapidly and more accessible than ever. 

’til the Grid’s Power Runneth Over 

On an average sunny day, panels soak up the sun as it moves through the sky, sending tons of power to the grid. 

However, once the sun goes down, those once-powerful solar systems lose their fuel source and idle until the next day. Wind systems aren’t beholden to the sun but face similar shortcomings if the wind isn’t blowing constantly. 

For states and countries pushing carbon-neutral goals, renewables struggle to compete with 24/7 providers like natural gas. BESS, for its part, helps level the playing field a bit. 

Let’s say a community-scale solar site generates excess power during the day, but nothing at night. The problem is that end users don’t stop needing electrical power—quite the opposite, as early evening hours generally lead to peaking. 

Reaching the Peak 

Peaking occurs during dayparts when energy demand is the highest. We also see seasonal peaking during the summer, when people blast their AC units, and during the winter, when the heat is on. 

When peaking occurs, fossil fuel-powered plants kick on quickly to meet demand. Once the pressure eases, the plants reduce their output. 

Now, let’s introduce BESS into our energy peaking example. Customers still need power, but because the sun has been shining all day, the solar panels overproduced. As the sun sets and the solar panels’ production fades, the BESS system kicks in to slowly discharge. Power from the batteries enters the grid and makes its way to homes and businesses. 

BESS offers communities and operators a clean, cheap, and less polluting electrical option. They can also discharge their power quickly, often faster than ramping up a peaking facility. 

BESS Improves Solar Performance 

Adding a fleet of giant batteries to our country’s energy mix may not seem exciting. However, BESS does much more than provide power. 

Better Energy Utilization and Diversity 

Adding BESS to the energy mix propels solar energy forward and reduces the threat of intermittent performance. 

Solar panels produce an incredible amount of electrical energy, but struggle to harness the extra power. With a BESS in place, utilities and other operators can plan and budget their energy, adjusting discharges to maintain stability. 

Handling Electrical Arbitrage 

Arbitrage involves storing or buying electricity when the price is low and selling or discharging it when prices increase. 

During the average day, solar panels make power when the sun is shining. Typically, electricity costs and demand are lower during the day, allowing BESS to store low-cost excess solar energy. When the sun goes down and demand increases, so do prices–that’s when BESS unleashes its stored power to the grid. 

But arbitrage isn’t simply about taking advantage of low-cost power – it’s a lesson in power conservation. When battery systems store energy, they also reduce solar energy waste. This is because we can harness power without losing it, boosting efficiency. 

They also help address potential duck curve issues, which show the difference between peak demand times and solar energy production. When you overlay the two charts on a graph, the resulting data looks kind of like a duck. 

Peaks, Valleys, and Everything in Between 

Utility-scale solar projects paired with BESS help generate a steady power supply that meets electricity demand. 

It doesn’t sound like much, but when renewable energy can accommodate more daily energy demand, prices may drop. This is because customers pay more for power during high-use times. If the power itself costs less to produce, those savings may eventually reach end users’ electricity bills. 

Similarly, utilities rely less on higher-cost energy generated by fossil fuel peaking plants, reducing power costs overall. 

BESS = Back Up 

Besides being a repository for stored renewable energy, BESS plays an interesting role as part of the larger grid. 

Thanks to their rapid response times, BESS can immediately release power to homes and businesses during outages or emergencies. The action takes milliseconds and is much faster than the time and energy it takes to power up a facility. 

Battery storage can also reduce overall dependence and help stabilize our aging electrical grid. When severe weather poses a threat, BESS can act as a type of microgrid, powering nearby homes and businesses. Though the batteries may only have a few hours of energy stored up, it gives crews time to repair lines and restore power. 

For situations where there are rapid and sudden rises in demand, BESS can save the day. Rather than relying on long-distance peaking facilities, utilities can quickly discharge the battery’s energy to smooth out fluctuations. 

Rapidly Changing Energy Scene is Ripe for Opportunity 

Like any new technology, BESS will become more efficient and effective as time passes. 

The benefit these systems provide to renewable energy sources like solar and wind is undeniable. Battery storage not only corrects the largest issue associated with renewable energy but also allows low-cost energy to thrive. 

For the solar industry, solar + storage is the next step toward increasing the United States’ energy diversity. At the same time, systems are rapidly improving, becoming less expensive, and offering developers more options. 

Solar power systems are on the edge of a massive clean energy breakthrough. Despite industry headwinds, BESS can take utility and community solar power generation to the next level.

Stronger Bottom Lines: Reducing Utility-Scale Solar Installation Costs 

Posted on by Gino Geruntino

If we could sum up the solar industry in 2025, it might sound like the French electronic duo Daft Punk. 

“Work it harder, make it better, do it faster, makes us stronger.” 

As the solar industry adjusts to a rapidly changing political and economic environment, protecting the bottom line is crucial. Solar developers and EPCs are looking for every advantage possible to keep costs down, including: 

  • Performing installations faster 
  • Finding stronger, more reliable solar panels 
  • Investing in cost-effective racking systems 
  • Using pre-fabricated modules and factory-made PV wire 
  • Implementing automated systems to control labor expenses 


With the right combination of cost-cutting measures, utility-scale solar developers can reduce costs, maximize labor, and improve project longevity and reliability. 

Automation Enhancements 

No matter how you might personally feel about AI, robots might not be a bad thing, especially for an industry dealing with labor shortages. When used effectively, automation technology augments workers’ skills, making installations faster and, ultimately, less expensive. 

But how exactly do automated systems accomplish that goal? 

It all comes down to minimizing the impact of repetitive tasks for workers. Companies like Charge Robotics are taking the lead, creating fully autonomous bots like its Sunrise construction system. The robot quickly assembles and installs solar bays on-site while also performing quality control checks. 

For solar developers, the extra set of metal hands goes a long way. Robotic systems reduce jobsite risk and improve overall quality and speed with fewer workers. But Charge Robotics isn’t the only name in the game–it’s one of several start-ups planning to change the solar industry overnight. 

AES’s Maximo installs solar panels onto trackers using artificial intelligence (AI). The robotic system is technology agnostic and easily adapts to work with a variety of clamps, trackers, and panels. 

Beyond being an installation bot, Maximo takes on other incredibly important tasks on the project site. As it works, the system collects data, keeping solar developers informed about site progress and potential concerns. 

It also handles dangerous tasks formerly carried out by crew members. Instead of having a worker install panels onto trackers high above the ground, Maximo does it. Workers safely guide the robot from the ground, allowing it to work without putting crews at risk of falling. 

AES’s invention is already making waves, earning support from Amazon. The online retailer has used Maximo for several solar + storage sites that the company has invested in. 

The Need for Speed (and Safety) 

Regardless of the system, the goal is always the same: speed, safety, and simplicity. 

Robots move faster than people, can lift heavy panels by themselves, and place them with pinpoint precision. They also have a keen eye, powered by machine learning, to constantly perform quality control throughout the project. 

But, despite their skills and strength, robots and automated systems aren’t here to displace their human counterparts. If anything, they augment our strengths and help us do more with fewer resources. 

Robots don’t complain about performing repetitive tasks and can do those jobs faster than a crew of people. In the meantime, workers can focus on big-picture problems to keep projects moving smoothly and fix issues. Machines also alleviate hiring problems that solar developers face, especially in harsh desert environments where it’s tougher to attract quality talent. 

Piecing Together Projects 

Despite slightly higher upfront costs, factory-made components and modular systems can drastically reduce labor costs and installation times. 

The solar industry is facing incredible challenges, forcing EPCs and developers to find creative solutions to do more with less. For companies with tight deadlines, higher initial costs are worth potential long-term savings. 

Today’s solar projects are easy to assemble on site, coming together like giant building blocks. From start to finish, pre-built, factory-made parts simplify production and turbocharge development. 

Foundations 

Foundations are crucial to any solar project. These systems hold racking steady and protect installations from shifting and corrosion caused by severe weather and the environment. 

Depending on the site’s location, solar builders have a wide range of concrete ballast options. Manufacturers create the foundations off-site, then truck them in, saving crews precious time. 

But why should crews consider a factory-made concrete ballast when they can simply pour foundations? When workers pour concrete out in the field, they run the risk of weather, debris, and even the site itself causing issues. If the concrete doesn’t cure correctly, it won’t be as strong, reducing long-term reliability. 

By purchasing pre-made concrete ballasts, weather isn’t a factor since crews don’t need to wait for curing. The result is a plug-and-play building component ready for decades of operation. 

Racking and Frames 

Solar panel racking supports the panels themselves and, in some cases, tracks the sun as it moves through the sky. They attach directly to the foundation and serve as a skeleton holding everything together. 

To hasten construction projects, developers can order pre-drilled racking systems with the hardware already attached. Other times, the racks and frames may also include pre-installed DC wiring. With most of the work already done, crews only need to attach the panels and tighten the bolts. 

Wiring and Connectors 

If racking is the skeleton, then PV wire and connectors are the blood vessels and nerves. They transport solar energy collected by the panels and carry it to the combiner box as DC electricity. 

Years ago, workers would have to carry individual strings of PV wire down long aisles of panels to connect everything. Today, manufacturers like Sun-Pull offer customized PV wire bundles on single spools, cutting installation times and labor costs. 

Pre-bundled PV wire gives solar developers the option to do more with less. For example, what used to take a crew of workers a day to complete now only needs a couple of hours with 2-4 people. Sure, bundled wire costs more, but it makes up for the higher price with faster project speed and better resource allocation. 

Meanwhile, workers use connectors attached to the ends of PV wire to safely and tightly connect the wiring to the panels. Depending on the project and timeline, manufacturers like Sun-Pull can attach factory-made connectors to the PV wire. While it isn’t an exciting feature, it guarantees that one type of connector is used throughout the site. If crews accidentally use multiple connector types, the risk of poor or loose attachments spikes, potentially creating performance and fire risks. 

Pre-fabricated connectors also eliminate potential failure points in the field. Workers have varying levels of job experience, and installation quality varies from one worker to the next. If the connection isn’t tight or if an uncaught mishap occurs, it could lead to arcs, sparks, or system faults. 

Manufacturers quality control every product leaving the facility, giving solar EPCs peace of mind on the jobsite. This level of control in the process guarantees the connectors will work as intended for years to come. 

Wire Management 

From clips and clamps to ties and straps, utility-scale PV projects have no shortage of wire management options. 

At their core, management systems protect PV wires from potential dangers, including accidental contact, severe weather, and environmental hazards. Depending on the environment, budget, and application, project managers have a bevy of shapes, sizes, and materials available. This allows developers to choose what works best for them, from simple cable ties and S-clips to more complex conduit trays. 

DC Combiner Box 

Combiner boxes are as unique as the solar site itself. To that end, manufacturers can design and build boxes for every specific need. 

The process for that is straightforward but requires pre-planning. Customers must have exact specifications for what they need, which the manufacturer uses to build the box. This includes installing surge protectors, fuses, and terminated wire harnesses to safely collect and combine electricity. 

After strict quality testing, the manufacturer ships the combiner box directly to the jobsite for installation. 

Protecting the Bottom Line 

Finding cost savings on community- and utility-scale solar projects helps developers save money far beyond their current projects. 

Of course, it’s also safe to say that not every project will benefit from the same solutions. Every location has unique opportunities and challenges impacting available options. 

Modular systems and automated processes hold several advantages over traditional construction industry methods. Robots installing pre-made parts move much faster than a crew of workers, with the added benefit of checking their work along the way. This frees crew members to focus on other parts of the project that may need additional attention. 

Pre-made parts reduce the impact of weather during construction and make sites safer. In a factory setting, manufacturers control production in a stable, consistent environment. Once workers test the components, they can connect them like a huge set of building blocks. 

Higher Quality, Less Hassle 

In manufacturing facilities, quality is critical. 

Factories can QC and QA all components before they leave the factory, reducing the threat of poor installation. This is especially true for PV wire, connectors, and other sensitive equipment, where inexperience could hurt quality. 

More importantly, manufacturers are masters of high-level precision. They have the technology and resources to ensure everything fits, works, and performs as it should. By investing in prefabricated materials, crews only worry about installation. 

As a result, solar projects require fewer highly experienced workers to oversee everything, easing labor issues. 

Scaling Up 

When everything is modularized, it’s easy to scale up or down based on what parts you need. 

Standardization creates scalability, thanks to more accurate inventory tracking, maintenance procedures, and product acclimation for workers. As the team becomes more familiar with each piece of the puzzle and its processes, they move more confidently. The added speed means shorter timelines, more projects, and healthier bottom lines. 

Standard pieces and processes also affect cost structuring, as similar designs and situations may need similar inventories. Over time, familiarity leads to stronger forecasting and budgeting for future projects. 

Bottom Line Breakthroughs 

Solar projects aren’t cheap, but it’s possible to find cost savings and other bottom-line improvements. 

The industry has no shortage of innovative technologies hitting the market every year. For savvy solar developers, understanding the industry, building relationships, and staying on the cutting edge go a long way. 

For those builders, it means investing in automated solutions that reduce labor costs and improve safety. It also means reducing material costs through better planning and scalability without cutting corners. 

Solar development isn’t slowing down, even as the industry adjusts to rapid change. Those embracing the world around them will have an incredible leg up on the competition.

How Does Humidity Impact Solar Projects?

Posted on by Gino Geruntino

Summer is here, and that means three things: barbeques, beach vacations, and seemingly constant humidity. 

Humidity is everywhere, but location and environment play a role. For example, relative humidity in Florida, Texas, and Mississippi is higher than in Arizona, New Mexico, and Nevada. This is because the former states are located near large bodies of water, as opposed to arid deserts. 

Unfortunately, humidity is becoming a problem in the United States. According to a 2025 scientific study, humid heat waves have become stronger. As temperatures rise across the board, they lead to more water evaporation. As water evaporates, it increases humidity, which is bad for people, animals, and solar panels alike. 

Luckily, solar developers have several tools to prevent humidity and moisture from damaging their installations. Knowing how humidity works is the first step toward protecting sites from damage and lost output. 

What is Humidity? 

Humidity is an environmental condition measured by the amount of water vapor in the air at any given time. This moisture typically comes from water evaporating from bodies of water, but can also come from plants, soil, and rain. 

There are two types of humidity (absolute and relative), but relative is the one most people are familiar with. Relative humidity determines the percentage of water vapor in the air compared to its potential maximum. As temperatures rise, relative humidity decreases. As temperatures fall, the air holds less water vapor, creating dew and fog. 

Easy access to water sources results in higher humidity levels for those living in those regions. This is why Florida and Louisiana have higher levels than drier states like Arizona and New Mexico. High heat keeps relative humidity low since the air can hold more water vapor. 

Though humidity is a constant presence, it becomes more of a threat during the summer when temperatures rise. Hot air holds more moisture than cold air, which is why you don’t hear about humidity during the winter – the air is drier. 

How Does Humidity Impact Solar Sites? 

It might not sound like it, but as the air outside gets moister, the resulting humidity can slowly cripple a solar farm. 

And like many weather-based issues, it impacts every component from the ground up. 

Solar Panels 

When humidity is a concern, so is condensation. As temperatures retreat from their daytime highs, water vapor in the air forms droplets. Those droplets fall onto solar panels, mixing with dust and other gunk already there. 

As the water evaporates again, the dust left behind sticks to the panels and becomes hard to remove. If enough dust becomes stuck, panels may struggle to collect sunlight, reducing performance. The attached dust is also dried on, meaning crews must do more intense cleaning. 

Beyond simply making panels dirty, moisture can also become trapped inside panels. If that happens, water can create a film that could increase panel operating temperatures and hurt power generation. 

Reduced Performance 

Reduced performance comes in many forms, including Potential-Induced Degradation (PID). 

PID occurs when there’s a combination of hot temperatures and high humidity. When long strings of panels are tied together, those on the ends of the row carry the largest electrical pressure difference. These voltage differences between the solar cells and their frames may create small leakage currents. 

So, how exactly does humidity impact performance? When small leaks occur, rain and humidity increase system conductivity, leading to greater losses. It can also add stress to panels, as humidity fluctuations can leave water droplets on the panels’ faces. 

But sometimes performance issues stem from something simpler. Excess moisture can cause a wide range of problems when it gets inside a panel. For example, errant water can cause delamination inside the panel, along with mold growth in or on its face. In both cases, the panel can’t efficiently collect sunlight, limiting output. 

Wire and Connectors 

If moisture gets into a faulty, damaged, or improperly installed connector, it can immediately affect the system. 

Wet connectors are a breeding ground for short circuits and faults, which can drastically reduce output. However, water can also enter through cracks in damaged wire insulation. 

When moisture penetrates a PV wire’s insulation, it can damage the wiring. If installation or maintenance crews don’t spot the damage, it could lead to arcs, shorts, and faults. Worse yet, it could spark a fire, damaging nearby panels and racking. 

Racking 

Racking may not be exciting, but it’s critical to a solar project’s overall power generation. 

High humidity introduces moisture to the equation, which can ravage unprotected metal racking systems. Solar developers should either invest in corrosion-resistant materials or use coatings to make the racks resistant to corrosion. 

Without proper protection, the systems are more likely to rust and show wear while leaving the door open for mold growth. If mold or rust forms around tracking system components, it could prevent panels from moving with the sun. 

Preventing Damage from Humidity 

While it’s impossible to stop humidity from occurring, it’s possible to protect solar sites from damage. All it takes is a little preparation and patience. 

  • Invest in hydrophobic coatings. These specialized coatings repel water, preventing it from accumulating or entering sensitive areas.  
  • Keep up with cleaning. Regular maintenance cleaning removes dried bits of dust and other crud from solar panels. It also gives moisture fewer opportunities to create mud on the panels, reducing performance. 
  • Don’t skimp on seals. Seals prevent outside debris and moisture from entering solar panels and causing damage to sensitive components. 
  • Invest in high-quality PV wire products. Work closely with manufacturers that install connectors in-house and perform quality control testing. Unlike field-made connectors, which could be mistake-prone, employees test every connector to ensure a tight seal. This prevents moisture from entering through openings and shorting wires. 
  • Use the right wire for the job. Utility-scale solar projects are massive endeavors and long-term installations, so buy high-quality wire when possible. Invest in UL 4703-certified PV wire, as other types may offer less protection. PV wire can withstand harsh outdoor environments and is moisture, weather, abrasion, and UV resistant. 
  • Explore your conductor options. Copper is the most common PV wire conductor, offering good conductivity across many applications. Aluminum is lighter than copper and more affordable but needs larger gauges to match copper’s conductivity and may oxidize over time. Tinned copper offers better corrosion protection than copper alone, but developers will pay extra for additional peace of mind. 

Risk, Rewards, and Resilience 

Humidity is a necessary and important component of our natural environment. However, solar technology is rapidly improving to make solar projects more resilient against its effects. 

As products and methods improve, solar sites enjoy increased clean energy production, higher levels of safety, and longer project lifespans. Meanwhile, consumers benefit from low-cost renewable energy, utilities and operators produce more power, and sites generate higher ROIs. 

Solar sites require an incredible amount of planning, and no one knows everything. When questions pop up, know who to reach out to for advice and guidance. Oftentimes, this means reaching out to a trusted manufacturer or distribution partner. Their insight can simplify the installation process and make it easier to maintain products over their usable lifespan. 

This ultimately leads to better, more efficient projects that benefit everyone.

How Solar EPCs Can Collaborate with Communities

Posted on by Gino Geruntino

Solar development sometimes faces an uphill battle in getting buy-in from municipalities. 

Community members can distrust large-scale solar projects for many reasons. From concerns about rows of solar panels clogging picturesque views to fears about tanking property values, it’s a challenge.  

But perhaps the biggest issue solar EPCs face when working with small communities is a lack of communication. 

The Pitfalls of Poor Communication 

Unfortunately, poor communication can be dangerous for everyone involved. When stakeholders have concerns, it breeds mistrust, delays, and even opposition leading to canceled projects. 

On the flip side, sharing the right information at the right time can keep everyone aligned, making the process smoother. This means going beyond gathering rubber stamp approvals and actively participating in the community. 

Every community is unique, requiring developers to understand and embrace them in different ways. Being proactive and intentional with how we communicate, listening to and addressing potential concerns, and building trust are crucial. 

Why Communities Cast Shade on Solar 

It’s not that people don’t like solar energy development; they just don’t want projects too close to them. 

People call this fierce local community reaction to new projects NIMBY – Not in My Backyard. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, NIMBY “connotes the unwillingness of individuals to accept the construction of large-scale projects by corporations or governmental entities nearby, which might affect their quality of life and the value of their property.” 

We first started hearing the acronym in the late 1970s, but social scientists didn’t adopt its use until the early 1980s. Since then, NIMBY has become a rallying cry for community groups concerned about negative development near their homes. 

But the truth is NIMBY concerns arise for many reasons. 

Aesthetics 

Renewable energy projects offer plenty of low-cost energy, but they aren’t exactly bastions of beauty. Although solar developers can’t change how panels and racking systems look, they can try hiding them. 

Typically, this includes beautification efforts like creating region-specific landscapes and pollinator habitats. Though neither completely obscures the panels from view, they go a long way toward helping them blend in. 

Location and Size 

Community-scale solar sites are smaller than utility-sized installations but are still large. 

The sheer size of these projects can overwhelm rural communities despite benefiting from the electricity produced. People may be afraid that the land won’t be usable for farming or grazing purposes. 

Sites may also be visible from the roadside, affecting scenic rural views. 

Tanking Property Values  

Some homeowners living near solar farms believe their property values will slump. 

However, a recent Virginia Tech report analyzing nearly 9 million home sales near solar sites discovered some interesting data. According to them, farm and vacant land within two miles of solar sites increased in value by 19%. 

VT’s data is more complicated for residential properties. Homes within three miles of solar sites saw a 4.8% drop in value. However, losses were mitigated by larger lot sizes, more distance, and project age. 

Land Use Worries 

While many developers aim to build on unattractive, inexpensive land, sometimes the best locations are situated on agricultural land. 

When farmland becomes the focal point for development, some people may see it as a waste or an attack on local farmers. They think farmers could be using the land for crops or animals and are missing out because of the solar panels. 

Partisan Politics (Us vs. Them) 

Politics can divide people, but they may also galvanize communities against outside threats. 

The idea is that corporations and large-scale companies will come in and ruin the rural way of life. For some, it could mean destroying the landscape. For others, it may be the thought of rural communities bearing the brunt of a project so other communities and companies can benefit. 

Worse yet, the project could draw the ire of folks who believe new solar jobs could be temporary. This may leave community members questioning the project’s value. 

Good Ol’ Fashioned Misinformation 

Mark Twain once said, “A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.” 

From tales of toxins leeching into the water to talk of solar panels damaging the land, misconceptions are everywhere. But rumors and stories can quickly obscure the truth about renewable energy.  

Though some concerns are malicious and meant to derail projects, many are simply misconceptions. In large part, these rumors typically stem from a lack of solar education coming from trusted experts. 

Forging Relationships 

No matter how you slice it, the problem remains – people in small, rural communities don’t trust developers. 

When solar EPCs approach rural projects, they must look beyond the X’s and Os. Any large-scale electrical generation project is a massive undertaking and can drastically change communities. 

Listening to community members and understanding their needs goes a long way. As both sides build trust, it opens doors for more effective communication and stronger partnerships. 

But what does collaboration with a small community look like? 

Find Sites That Work for Everyone 

Look for sites that could benefit from revitalization, like brownfields, industrial sites, or undesirable land. Avoid important community areas, like working farmland or popular animal habitats. 

Work with community groups and other organizations to promote environmental practices. From agrovoltaics and ecovoltaics to soil erosion and habitat protection, companies have many worthy causes to pursue. 

Additionally, find ways to beautify the land and generate power without imposing on nearby properties. 

Practice Active Listening 

Solar projects are a huge commitment for rural communities. Developers should aim to integrate themselves into the region. 

This should occur early in the project, particularly during the planning and development phases. Ask for input from local leaders, homeowners, policymakers, and citizen groups, and be attentive to their needs. These people may become advocates for the project and should be in the loop throughout its development. 

Creating collaboration opportunities also means building relationships with local groups that can engage others on your behalf. Their goal is to fill information gaps and address blind spots well before shovels hit the dirt. 

Reach People Where They Are 

Project development for community- and utility-scale solar sites involves years of planning. 

Attending public forums, listening proactively, addressing concerns honestly, and sharing data and insights are critical to building trust. Solar EPCs should also consider using multiple types of media to inform stakeholders. 

People don’t consume only one type of information. Invest in physical, digital, and in-person methods to reach people in the forums they’re active in. Every touchpoint is an opportunity to address concerns, educate, and offer critical updates. 

Address Misinformation Early 

People naturally have questions about renewable energy generation, but not every fear is factual. 

When questions and rumors arise, answer honestly and actively listen to citizens. With that said, be ready to combat misinformation with facts, figures, and trusted sources. 

Without accurate data, citizens are less likely to support long-term projects. The result could be delays, opposition, political pushback, and even cancellation. 

Build Strong Partnerships 

Start building meaningful relationships with local organizations, utilities, community groups, and politicians. They’ll be able to help with the approval process and keep everything moving smoothly. 

It starts with learning who the key stakeholders are and working closely with them. Potential partners include neighborhood groups and business organizations, non-profits, colleges, and even farming associations. 

Making inroads with local organizations provides solar EPCs with more viewpoints and information. 

Honesty is the Best Policy 

NIMBY relies on the idea that citizens don’t trust large-scale developers. 

To break the stigma and promote collaboration, share information freely. Provide as much information as possible and offer it in ways that are easily accessible, digestible, and well-sourced. Try to avoid heavy-handed industry jargon that causes eyes to glaze over – focus on real-world examples for proof. 

Additionally, take time to consider how setting up a renewable energy generation plant will impact people. Take the time to highlight the positives of these projects once they’re complete, including permanent jobs, low-cost power, and tax benefits. 

Discuss Community Benefits Agreements (CBAs)  

A CBA is a legal agreement between a developer and the community, covering everything the community will receive by supporting (or not opposing) local development. 

Towns that sign a CBA earn several concessions in the form of investments. For example, towns could receive new parks, greenspaces, or community centers, or negotiate for better energy costs. Municipalities could also receive funding for low-income programs, workforce education, and other initiatives. 

Beyond standard legal agreements, being a good neighbor means integrating into the community. Companies can sponsor events, host open houses, and create programs allowing citizens to participate in the project’s long-term success. 

Collaboration vs. Competition 

Solar development shouldn’t be a battle. 

Developers should pay attention to citizens and work openly with community organizers to create positive outcomes for everyone. Building rapport with citizens and advocacy groups often streamlines projects, reduces delays, and improves stakeholder relations. These partnerships, if strong enough, also help fight negative press, creeping misinformation, and other showstoppers. 

Clean energy is part of the future, but only if everyone is on board. Better, deeper, and more honest partnerships get us all where we want to go.

Bee Kind: Developing Pollinator-Friendly Solar Projects

Posted on by bop-admin

As solar projects pop up nationwide, developers are embracing the idea of doing more with the land they utilize.  

Occasionally, solar EPCs work with farmers to introduce sheep and goats to their sites – this is called agrivoltaics. The animals get a safe space to graze, and solar site operators get free 24/7 mowing services. 

But another concept is also gaining steam in the solar community – pollinator-friendly habitats. From bumblebees and butterflies to moths, flies, birds, and certain bats, plenty of creatures can take advantage of pollinator sites. 

Pollinator habitats are part of the growing ecovoltaics movement, marrying ecology, biodiversity, and renewable energy. The result is a new-age conservation effort promoting clean energy production, land conservation, and natural beauty.  

But what’s the incentive for developers to spend time and money building dual-purpose ecovoltaic sites? 

Why Solar EPCs Buzz About Pollination 

Utility-scale solar farms typically sit on former brownfields, undesirable areas, and unused farmland. 

But native plants and vegetation do more than add pops of color to an otherwise unattractive installation. They help developers maximize land use while saving money and improving performance. 

Safer, More Efficient Projects 

Native flowers, shrubs, and other plants reduce erosion risks, especially for hillside installations. 

It can take several years for native plant species to establish themselves, allowing their extensive root systems to tightly hold soil. But over time, these plants improve overall soil health, compaction, and topsoil nutrient density. 

Adding perennials, shrubs, and other long-term native vegetation can protect installations from potential damage. For example, in the Northeast, infrastructure is susceptible to frost heave damage. Frost heaves occur when water freezes underground, causing the surface ground to rise. Heaves can severely damage infrastructure, including solar panel racking and foundations. 

Beyond improving soil and preventing damage, native plants block weeds and other invasive species. Unlike random flowers and invasive plants, native species are best-suited to survive. 

Better Performance 

Solar installations rely on many factors to optimize solar panel efficiency, including plant use. 

Unlike bare ground, which can trap heat and cause ambient air temperatures to fluctuate, native plants stabilize and reduce temperatures around panels. According to data from Yale, regional vegetation reduces the temperature around solar systems, improving solar panel performance. 

Plants absorb heat, creating a cooler microclimate around the base of the solar panels. The cooler temperatures, in turn, boost solar power plant efficiency. 

Another factor dictating performance is dust buildup on the panels’ faces. Dust blocks panels from collecting sunlight, reducing power production, and can quickly compound across utility-scale solar power sites, forcing crews to clear and clean panels. 

Native plant species use their roots to hold dirt and soil and reduce dust buildup. In turn, solar panels don’t pick up as much dust, and crews don’t have to clean as often. 

Supports Biodiversity 

According to the United States Geological Survey, there are roughly 4,000 bee species in the U.S. and over 20,000 globally. 

Native bees pollinate about 80 percent of the world’s flowering plants, but their populations have suffered recently. Researchers at Washington State University suggest commercial honeybee colonies could drop by up to 70% this year. If the number sounds alarming, it is – the average annual loss is typically 40-50%. 

Bee colonies face several dangers in the wild, including mite infestations, poor nutrition, and pesticides. To better protect delicate species, developers can invest in native plants that bloom at different times of the year. This keeps the solar project looking beautiful and creates food for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. 

Cleaner Water 

Farming is crucial to our country, but it can potentially harm the environment. 

Farming uses fertilizers, pesticides, and other chemicals to ward off pests and improve crop yields, but they come at a cost. Fertilizer helps plant growth, but rainstorms and irrigation systems allow nitrate and phosphorus runoff to reach rivers and streams. 

According to Clean Wisconsin, solar projects with perennial grassland reduced phosphorus entering nearby water 75-95%, compared to row crop farms.  

Solar installations take former farmland and use it for power generation. Adding local pollinator plants reduces contaminants in the soil while improving farming conditions for future use. 

Lower Labor, Operations, and Maintenance Costs 

Native plants, especially perennials, need less maintenance than standard grass. 

When developers use local plant species, they help prevent weeds and other invasive species from taking over. They also collect and retain moisture for the land, reducing dust. For crews, more perennials mean less time moving, fewer pesticides, and less frequent cleanings. 

Damage Control 

Maintenance goes far beyond cutting the grass and doing some weed whacking. Well-established pollinator plants provide excellent erosion control. Soil erosion threatens every part of a solar project, potentially damaging roads, ground pads, and solar panel foundations. Any damage to critical infrastructure reduces output, creates hazards, and puts projects at risk. 

Additionally, soil erosion can lead to pollution. Soil runoff following a heavy storm or snowmelt sends sediment, pesticides, and other chemicals into rivers and streams. If this happens, developers could face fines and other penalties. 

Less soil erosion also means crews spend less money on stormwater infrastructure. Because the plants hold dirt in place and absorb rainwater, there’s less need for extensive drainage systems. This isn’t to say companies can eliminate drainage systems entirely, but plants go a long way toward helping. 

Vegetation is Encouraged 

Several states have regulations requiring solar developers to use pollinator-friendly regional plants, including New York, Illinois, Maryland, and South Carolina. 

But even if vegetation regulations aren’t in place, it’s still good practice. Solar developers are leaning into creating pollinator-friendly environments, not only because of their beauty, but for goodwill. 

Local communities sometimes aren’t thrilled about solar projects, calling them eyesores. Planting local trees and shrubs helps obscure the panels from the roadside, offering a better view than metal racking.  

Sun-Pull Solar Farm Install

Those same trees and plants can also pay back local farmers – literally. 

More pollinators mean more pollination, and as bees, butterflies, and moths move pollen, nearby farms could see higher yields. According to one Clean Wisconsin study, soybean yields near pollinator-friendly solar sites increased by $250 per acre annually. 

Most importantly, well-thought-out native plant programs could reduce permitting red tape and improve community relations. Work with local and state conservation organizations to determine what plants work best for the area. 

Pollinator Planting Tips 

If you’ve ever planted a garden, you know how difficult it is to keep everything alive and fruitful. 

Unlike a garden, pollinator plants at solar sites are much more forgiving. With the right plant selection, placement, and patience, developers can create beautiful landscapes everyone can enjoy. 

Choose the Right Plants for the Environment 

Don’t select flowers and bushes because they’re cost-effective; look for plants that fit the region and environment. 

Combine native shrubs, trees, plants, flowers, and grasses to create diverse habitats. Additionally, find plants and flowers that bloom throughout the year, not all at once. This ensures pollinators can access nectar at every life stage and every season. 

Additionally, like solar panels, plants thrive with sunlight, often requiring at least six hours per day. Understand which plants thrive best in which conditions – some soak up the rays while others are more sensitive to intense light. 

Avoid Pesticides When Possible 

Pesticides impact plant growth, and research has linked them to bee colony deaths. If maintenance crews must use pesticides, keep it to a minimum. For example, pesticides could work for small areas and spot treatment of weeds, but may kill the pollinators we want to protect. 

Be Strategic and Patient 

Understanding how plants operate in their natural settings goes a long way. 

Don’t overplant to fill space – some vegetation needs room to thrive and build strong root systems. It also helps to keep some bare ground available for water puddling, which ground insects like wasps, bees, beetles, and butterflies need for habitats. 

Once crews have finished planting, the best thing developers and operators can do is wait. It can sometimes take plants 2-3 years to fully establish themselves, with others taking as long as five to develop strong root systems. 

Giving plants the time and space to reach their full potential leads to better installations and more beautiful landscapes. 

When In Doubt, Hire it Out 

Let’s face it – some project developers weren’t born with a green thumb, and that’s ok. Invest in a horticulturalist or landscaper with in-depth knowledge of the region, project, and goals. 

Landscape experts can determine what shrubs, flowers, and plants make the most sense, where they should go, and prescribe care plans. With those tools in place, crews can build pollinator palaces that look great and help the planet.

Will Solar Interconnection and Permitting Improve in 2025?

Posted on by bop-admin

In 2024, the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) said the United States added about 50 GWdc of grid capacity. This was the second straight year solar energy set records, with utility-scale solar adding more than 41 GWdc. 

The signs for solar EPCs look great, but there’s still plenty of room for improvement. Despite excitement for solar, the industry faces permitting and interconnection concerns. 

A Two-Headed Beast 

Permitting and interconnection requests are a 1-2 gut punch for many solar developers and EPCs. 

Developers often find themselves buried in red tape during the permitting process. From building, zoning, and electrical permits to land disturbance studies, compatibility reports, and financial data, it’s a seemingly unending process. It isn’t specific to local government, either; federal and state approvals also matter. 

The other problem is interconnection. Interconnection is the process of attaching solar sites to the larger electrical grid. It includes several studies assessing how solar sites could impact grid operations. Depending on the results, developers may have to alter projects or wait for additional studies. 

Worst of all, developers may have to pay for the interconnection after waiting up to five years for results. Not only is the process expensive, but some utilities may be unwilling to help solar sites connect to the grid.  This leads to even more developer costs and delays. 

Could Help Be Coming? 

We’re still far from a perfect system, but the government wants to make solar development easier. 

The Inflation Reduction Act became law in August 2022, creating more streamlining opportunities and funding. At the same time, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is pushing to simplify interconnection and permitting. 

This is crucial for the solar industry and the country’s growing electricity demand. Data centers, EVs, and hotter temperatures have pushed electricity use to new heights. Renewables like solar and wind could potentially hold the keys to energy development, but we must collaborate. 

What’s the Current Solar Landscape? 

It shouldn’t be surprising to hear solar capacity waiting in the queue is skyrocketing. 

In December 2023, about 2,600 GW of generation and storage capacity were waiting for grid connection. Of this total, 95% were solar, wind, or battery sites. In fact, solar and battery projects made up 80% of all additions in the queue. 

At the same time, interconnection request times are exploding. In 2008, the average wait was less than two years. For projects built between 2018 and 2023, wait times were about four years. By the end of 2023, projects could languish for as long as five years. 

So, what gives? 

Clunky and Costly 

Electricity use is rapidly rising. But what’s making it difficult for solar operators and utilities to increase grid capacity? 

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) believes it can pinpoint our nation’s electricity generation problem to a few key issues. 

For example, FERC has highlighted the number of interconnection requests these days. In April 2024, Berkeley Lab said around 11,600 projects were waiting to connect, totaling 2,600 GW. As more projects join the queue, delays will keep growing. 

The agency highlighted other issues, including transmission capacity, delayed expansion and upgrade investments, and high interconnection costs. Unfortunately, this results in long delays in the interconnection queue and a higher risk of project withdrawals. 

Permitting Problems 

It’s difficult to break ground when the permitting process is a gauntlet. 

States, counties, and municipalities have different approaches to solar energy. While some embrace it, others adopt a “not in my backyard” stance. Though several counties have gone so far as to ban utility-scale solar, no state has banned large-scale solar projects. 

Although federal regulations govern some aspects of solar development, individual states are different. Several, including Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico, have adopted and implemented federal rules. Other states like California and Nevada use federal regulations and supplement them with state-level ones. 

With so many moving parts, solar developers can struggle to keep track of things. Luckily, government organizations like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have compiled databases, guides, and procedures at the state and federal levels. 

Addressing Problems 

Thanks to inconsistent guidelines and processes, there’s plenty of work to sort everything out. 

A single entity, government, or industry organization can’t solve our problems. The cure requires a top-down approach with input from everyone, but someone has to take the lead. 

Interconnection 

SEIA is collaborating with FERC and the Department of Energy to create reforms to improve interconnections. As a result, FERC is pushing interconnection rules to reduce red tape and integrate renewable energy faster. 

The moves coincide with several Independent System Operators struggling to add capacity, including CAISO, NYISO, and MISO. These issues lead to long delays and other problems. As more interconnection applications flood in, ISOs must make the pieces fit without overloading aging infrastructure. 

Updated Rules 

FERC’s rule changes include critical updates to Order 2023 that improve how interconnection requests are handled. 

Under previous rules, the system handled interconnection requests using a “first in, first out” model. While the system works when the queue is short, problems quickly develop as requests pile up. Additionally, under the “first in, first out” system, projects didn’t need viable projects to apply. 

The result was a slow, clunky system. 

Order 2023-A clears up some confusion and allows for faster studies. Under 2023-A, the system installs a “first ready, first served” format. This requires developers to have funding, property, and other assets ready before applying. 

Once the request is in, another Order 2023-A update kicks in. Previously, studies took place one at a time. Order 2023-A introduced study batching, allowing grid operators to perform several studies simultaneously. The move saves time, money, and labor costs by letting grid operators make several decisions (and upgrades) together. 

Tightening Up 

Improving the review process saves time, but what happens if someone drops the ball? 

Under Order 2023-A, developers must be more prepared with financing in place alongside additional site information. By forcing developers to do more leg work before submitting, operators see fewer speculative projects. 

But the onus isn’t entirely on developers to keep the interconnection queue short. Transmission providers must be more prepared to address studies. If operators delay reviews or miss a deadline, they can face penalties. 

Solar Permitting 

Improving the interconnection process is only half of the solution. To get to the heart of the matter, officials must tackle permitting, too. 

One way of making permitting more efficient is to make it more welcoming – starting with the cost. One such program is SolSmart, funded by the DoE’s Solar Energy Technologies Office.  

SolSmart is a nationwide initiative to improve solar development by assisting municipalities, counties, and other organizations. 

By helping local authorities better understand and adopt national practices, SolSmart reduces soft costs like permitting, zoning, and more.  

Its success has led to further investment, including an extension allowing the program to operate through 2027. 

Kicking Up the IRA and BIL 

Two Biden-era laws are rounding into form, with provisions to make solar development more efficient. 

The Inflation Reduction Act and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law have funding attached to them specifically for improving and modernizing the grid. The funding also improves the permitting process for federal lands to encourage solar development there. 

Additionally, BIL and IRA funding includes several incentives to promote viable solar projects and expedite queues. 

Other Potential Reforms 

It didn’t make it out of the Senate, but the Energy Permitting Reform Act of 2024 had several provisions for solar development and permitting. 

The bill proposed accelerated leasing and permitting on federal lands and establishing clear deadlines for renewable projects like PV systems. It also simplified renewable energy environmental reviews, which can take months to years to complete. 

Most importantly, the bill would have codified a 50 GW renewable energy generation goal for federal lands by 2030. 

Making the Most of the Situation 

Permitting and interconnection processes are difficult and possibly broken. But it doesn’t mean solar developers should sit idly and wait for conditions to improve. 

Develop Partnerships 

The easiest way to navigate solar development red tape is by building good relationships with government sources. Local, state, and federal departments have similar goals but solve problems differently. 

Developers should work closely with each layer of government to get approval for each step. These sources also come in handy if rules change. Additionally, resources like the RAPID database help with best practices, permitting documents, and other information. 

Stay Prepared 

Preparation is paramount, especially as FERC prioritizes viable, well-planned projects. Filings should contain as much information as possible, including assessments, environmental surveys, funding sources, and land data. 

But solar contractors and developers don’t embark on utility-scale projects alone. They build teams with strong strategic partners, including municipalities, interconnecting utilities, and state officials. When speed bumps approach, these partners can help with documentation and other preparation. 

Know Your Permits 

Permit requirements and combinations differ across municipalities, counties, and states. For example, agencies like the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) have processes specifically related to building on federal land. The RAPID database is, once again, an excellent resource for the latest permitting and bulk transmission regulations. 

During difficult preparations, solar companies should hire an experienced consultant. Find a professional in the state where the project will take place and rely on them to help guide the permitting process. Hiring a knowledgeable organization may be expensive but could reduce delays.  

Be Ready for Anything 

The truth is nothing in the solar industry stays the same for long. 

Governments are moving quickly to improve regulations and permitting, with FERC and other groups fixing interconnection methods. But with so much happening around us, keeping up with rapidly changing rules is essential. 

Be prepared, but ready to adapt when necessary. Preparing for every outcome isn’t possible, but adjusting quickly helps developers roll with the punches, limiting costly delays.

Going Domestic: Why Builders Want American-Made PV Wire

Posted on by bop-admin

If you’ve been paying attention, you’ve likely seen one news story after another hyping up the U.S. solar industry. 

We’ve seen years of growth as clean energies like wind and solar take over new generating capacity. In 2024, for example, solar comprised two-thirds (66%) of U.S. electricity-generating capacity additions. Overall, the solar industry installed about 50 GWdc of capacity last year, hitting a new one-year record. 

Tailwinds and Headaches 

So, what’s driving companies, utilities, and communities to dive into solar energy? As it turns out, several factors combined to get us here. 

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) has had a couple of years to come into form. Incentives made through the program extended and broadened solar tax credits, making large-scale solar projects a better investment. 

The IRA also created measures to develop sustainable domestic supply chains for solar panels, racking, and wire. Previously, solar companies imported foreign solar components, dealing with everything from long delays to questionable quality. The costs were lower, but the industry struggled. 

Today, domestic manufacturing is taking a monumental step forward. Recently, the SEIA announced the U.S. had reached a critical manufacturing milestone. Domestic solar module production capacity hit 50 GW, large enough to meet current U.S. demand. Backed by Section 45X and Section 48C tax credits, incentives bolster an already booming industry. 

Despite some potential governmental headwinds, industry experts are bullish on solar energy’s future. 

Does Buying Domestic Matter? 

The U.S. is encouraging developers to use American-made goods, including PV wire. But does domestically produced wire warrant the higher cost? 

In many cases, the short answer to that question is yes. Although all PV wires may look similar, subtle details impact quality, lifespan, and performance. We must also consider project scopes, including timelines, budgets, locations, and job requirements. 

Depending on the situation, American-made PV wire could be a cost-saver. 

Quality and Build 

Solar wire made in the United States meets or exceeds Underwriter Laboratories, National Electrical Code (NEC), and ASTM standards, including: 

UL 4703 – This UL standard is specific to PV wire. UL 4703 tests a wire’s ability to handle sunlight exposure, high temperatures, weather, and other threats. 

UL 1581 – Also known as the VW-1 test, UL 1581 is a vertical flammability test. Essentially, UL 1581 determines how much a flame propagates (spreads) along a wire section. 

ASTM B-1, B-3, B-8, and B-33 – These wire configuration standards correspond to specific wire types. In order, they are hard-drawn copper (B-1), soft-drawn copper (B-3), concentric lay twisted strands (B-8), and tinned copper (B-33). 

American-made PV wire undergoes heavy scrutiny, resulting in high transparency. Additionally, strict standards add a layer of safety to every product, ensuring the wire does what it should. This may not be the case with products shipped from overseas, as other countries’ standards may be less stringent. 

NEC Section 691 – This portion of the NEC corresponds to several aspects of utility-scale solar sites with generating capacity over 5 MW. It covers factors like operating voltages, disconnects, fire mitigation, engineering, and other critical safety measures. 

Supply Chains and Lead Times 

Timelines matter – whether it’s a utility-scale solar array or a small community solar project. 

One massive advantage American-made products have is their shorter supply chains. Because the manufacturing and shipping are both within the U.S., production lead times tend to be much shorter. Shipping times are also shorter because products don’t have to travel by boat to the United States. 

On top of the shorter shipping and lead times, buying from domestic manufacturers helps developers avoid tariffs and duties. Importers often pay tariffs on materials from other countries, adding costs to the products they buy. Duties, on the other hand, are taxes paid on imported goods. 

Domestic production is also handy if problems arise. When customers find defects in their solar wire, they can return it to the manufacturer easily. Because the route is much shorter, the amount of time it takes to switch the wire is faster. Cutting a weeks-long wait down to only a few days is crucial when developers are racing to meet looming deadlines. 

Weighing Costs with Lead Times 

If deadlines aren’t an issue and the company has time to wait, sometimes shipping products from overseas could be an option. 

Buyers take on risks with the purchase, including the threat of geopolitical issues coming into play and tariffs. However, despite longer customer lead times and riskier supply chains, developers could save money on large-scale projects by using imported wire. 

Budgetary Constraints 

Developers endlessly search for ways to deliver the best results with the most savings possible. 

To that end, U.S. materials offer solid production, quality, and price. American-made materials follow a strict production process to ensure higher durability, longer lifespans, and better manufacturing traceability. The result is a product that often lives up to the price point. 

But every dollar counts, especially when you’re dealing with solar systems with hundreds of aisles of panels. Wire is a pretty small piece of the overall budgetary pie, but as projects grow larger, so does the cost of wire. 

Project Requirements 

Sometimes, it isn’t about price, performance, or any other factor – the project just requires domestic PV wire. 

Over the years, solar projects have become more specific, especially as the federal government attempts to bolster domestic manufacturing. As a result, more solar projects are pushing to meet domestic content requirements like BABA. The products called for are then “spec’d in,” requiring developers to source those materials for the project. 

BABA, or the “Build America, Buy America” program, ties funding and tax credits to solar projects. For example, ITCs and PTCs contain language about using American-made materials in the site’s development. We wrote a blog about these rules, which you can find here. 

State and local domestic product incentives could also be in play, depending on the project’s location. 

The Case for Imported Wire 

So, with so much focus on domestic production, is there a place for imported PV wire? 

Imported wire can do the job, but it’s important to ALWAYS work with a trusted, vetted international partner. Different countries have different standards, so it’s on the developer to verify who they buy from is reputable. 

Price – Larger projects call for more wire – often to the tune of hundreds of thousands of feet. Imported wire is generally more cost-effective, reducing overall project costs. 

Access to In-Stock or Unique Products – On occasion, solar projects may call for uncommon wire, which could lead to longer lead times. Overseas vendors may have specialized products in stock, keeping projects moving on time. 

Once again, DO YOUR RESEARCH before purchasing thousands of feet of wire from an international vendor. A trusted partner can meet safety standards and be transparent about their processes, ensuring high quality. 

Small Line Item, Huge Impact 

Wire is a crucial component of any utility- or community-scale solar installation. Without it, electricity doesn’t move from the panels to the electrical grid. 

Buying American isn’t solely about supporting the Red, White, and Blue. Builders get faster shipping, fewer added shipping costs, top-quality products, and peace of mind. 

Some overseas products may have similar quality, but EPCs must do their due diligence. This means building trust and verifying those manufacturers produce high-quality products. 

At the end of the day, not all wire is the same. No matter where the wire comes from, only work with trustworthy manufacturers that meet the highest standards. The result will be better installations, safer projects, and long-lasting performance for decades. 

What is a Virtual Power Plant?

Posted on by bop-admin

One of the worst feelings is the dread one feels when the power goes out. 

Homes and businesses typically rely on electricity from local power generation plants. For the most part, consumers can reliably power our daily routines and keep life moving smoothly. But it also comes with a massive disadvantage. 

When the power goes out, electricity doesn’t go to end users, leaving them in the dark. While crews work feverishly to restore power, home and business owners worry about spoiled food, lost revenue, and boredom. 

However, emerging technology supported by electrification is changing how power disruptions impact our lives. These virtual power plants (VPPs) can keep the lights on using power created by our neighbors. 

Though they sound complicated, VPPs are the next step toward developing a more dynamic electrical grid. 

What is a VPP? 

By definition, a virtual power plant is a network of decentralized production and storage units combining to send power to the grid. 

But what does that mean in human terms? 

“Decentralized production and storage units” are basically all the pieces making up the VPP. These distributed energy sources (DERs) include everything from solar panels and batteries to electric vehicles (EVs) and smart products. If it can create, store, or control electricity, it can be part of a VPP. They also don’t need to originate from a singular location – VPPs can cover small or large areas. 

The best part is anyone can join a virtual power plant. Potential VPPs can include residential, commercial, industrial, or community-scale systems, though rooftop solar is the most common DER. 

VPP technology has existed for several decades but has taken off dramatically in the last ten years. The Department of Energy estimates that 30-60 GW of VPP grid capacity exists today. 

How Does a VPP Work? 

Let’s pretend a neighborhood has several rooftop solar systems, EVs, and smart homes. If these systems are part of a virtual power plant, utilities can draw from them during an emergency to power other homes and businesses. 

And just like that, a storm rolls through, knocking out a critical power line supplying electricity to several neighborhoods. When power outages or peak demand occurs, the utility activates the VPP. The utility can then remotely “talk” to connected DERs to turn thermostats down, reduce electricity use, and discharge EVs. 

Power flows from connected devices to the grid, sending electricity to other impacted neighborhoods. At the same time, energy loads drop, ensuring enough power is available. 

NOTE: This ONLY happens if the customer has opted in – VPPs require remote control from outside operators, like utilities. 

It might not seem like much, but localizing the grid to specific areas makes it more stable. Utilities can worry less about burning more fuel to send electricity across transmission and distribution lines and focus more on repairs. For end users, VPPs keep the lights on during peak times and emergencies using power supplied by others. 

VPPs Are NOT Smart Grids 

If you know the phrase, “A square is a rectangle, but a rectangle is not a square,” the VPP/smart grid relationship makes sense. 

Think of it like individual states in the nation. For example, Vermont is only one part of the larger United States. 

A VPP is a type of smart grid, but it’s only one piece of the larger smart grid infrastructure. Unlike a virtual power plant, smart grids cover the entire electrical grid, utilizing new technology to improve reliability and resiliency. 

Smart grids create large-scale two-way networks between operators or utilities and end users. Utilities can optimize electricity output and flow through the network, better incorporate renewable energy, and perform real-time monitoring. 

The result is a more dynamic electrical grid that reduces power loss, improves reliability, and saves money. 

Why They’re Gaining Steam 

Storms are getting worse, making power outages more severe. 

In 2023 alone, the U.S. experienced 28 “Billion Dollar” weather events, totaling an eye-popping $95 billion in damages. Weather is also the cause of more than 75% of power outages in the U.S., making it the grid’s number one threat. 

At the same time, the push for groundbreaking technology has never been stronger. More things rely on electricity than ever, requiring vast amounts of electricity. But with smarter electronics and power generation systems, we also have more opportunities to share power. 

Reducing Risk, One Neighborhood at a Time 

Our nation’s electrical grid is showing its age, as many pieces of infrastructure are well over 25 years old. 

Because of its age, the grid is more susceptible to damage caused by storms, physical threats, and cyberattacks. Unfortunately, when systems go down, people and communities are at risk. 

Communities once relied on central power plants to deliver electricity to neighborhoods, businesses, and other locations. But during outages, those people sat in the dark until power was restored. 

Under a VPP, during an outage or demand spike, the utility can remotely call on DERs to discharge power to the grid. Those opting into the program become power plants, drawing on stored energy to electrify those around them. 

Long-Term Savings 

Beyond grid security, VPPs reduce the number and size of electrical transmission and distribution peaks. 

What does that mean for the average person? When peaks occur, it stresses the grid since it has to support more electricity. The strain could lead to problems ranging from blown transformers and substation faults to overheated wires. Fewer peaks mean less threat of overloading the system. 

Peaks occur when there’s more demand than usual. To support the higher demand, peaking power plants generate electricity to meet the need. The problem is these power plants are expensive to run. Someone has to pay those costs, and it’s most likely the end user. 

VPPs take the pressure off power plants to meet peak demand by discharging electricity from DERs. As a result, the utility spends less money on fuel sources and limits energy loss along power lines. Meanwhile, customers receive steady power while VPP participants earn cash or credits for their electricity. 

Best yet, expanding VPP services goes beyond short-term savings. According to the Department of Energy, if the U.S. deploys 80-160 GW of VPPs by 2030, it could save $10 billion in grid costs. 

Taking Advantage of Incentives 

Like other renewable energy initiatives, there are programs and incentives available for VPPs. 

Depending on location, rebates and programs make commercial, industrial, and community-scale solar possible. For example, Maryland’s Distributed Renewable Integration and Vehicle Electrification (DRIVE) Act requires investor-owned utilities to develop programs rewarding DERs and establish incentives.  

Utilities and community solar energy operators also have programs to finance and promote VPPs. The Department of Energy has funded various clean energy installations through Title 17, which provides loans for innovative projects. 

In other cases, state and local incentives for solar and other renewable projects could be available. And don’t forget to research what incentives stack, as organizations and programs cover different initiatives. 

VPPs for Consumers 

Consumers participating in virtual power plants and installing DERs add clean energy to the grid. As more clean energy systems come online, we rely less on large-scale power plants and fossil fuels. Over time, this may reduce electricity costs. 

Additionally, VPPs ensure homes and businesses have power during an outage, reducing other losses. From allowing small businesses to stay open to preventing food spoilage, small power providers keep everything running smoothly. 

As for the bottom line, consumers sending power to the larger grid earn money or credits on their energy bills. Those credits can offset upfront costs related to installing a solar system or battery or buying an EV. 

Downsides and Cautions 

For everything virtual power plants do well, there are some drawbacks to how the system operates. 

Despite owning the power they produce, consumers don’t always have control. When signing up for a VPP, consumers give operators the right to draw energy from DERs when necessary. If that happens, EVs, batteries, solar panels, and smart products connected to the network begin discharging and conserving power. 

Operators have also launched programs to pre-enroll consumers, though they can opt out later. Though it’s easy for utilities to enlist homes, businesses, and others into the program, consumers should be well informed. Participants must understand the program’s details, what to expect, and how utilities will compensate them. 

Not Enough Participants 

Experts believe virtual power plants could help address future energy demands, especially as older plants retire. 

Coal use has declined for years, with 4 GW of coal-fire capacity retiring in 2024. Before last year, retirements averaged about 9.8 GW each year for the previous decade. Worse yet, as retirement and deployment schedules fluctuate, we’re looking at a 200 GW gap in peak demand needs. 

VPPs could fill the potential gap, but the country must act fast. We need about 80-160 GW of capacity by 2030 to meet rising U.S. demand. The current total is only about 30 GW, far from the low-end goal. 

Not a Replacement for Grid Upgrades 

Electricity demand is rising rapidly, thanks to more electronics, a growing number of data centers, and a manufacturing renaissance. 

The result is a fevered effort to find new ways to generate power for the grid. Unfortunately, the current grid isn’t entirely ready for a wave of innovation. Instead, the design supports older power production methods powered by fossil fuels. 

The grid currently can’t reach its full potential because it desperately needs upgrades. Solar projects across the U.S. face massive delays because of red tape and interconnection problems. Other infrastructure has reached its usable lifespan, so we should replace and upgrade it. 

Everyone Plays a Part in Clean Energy 

Utilities, solar companies, businesses, government, and consumers all stand to benefit from VPPs. 

With planning and strong execution, we can cut costs throughout the supply chain. On top of the financial costs, VPPs help improve grid resiliency, leading to fewer power outages. Adding diverse electricity options also gives utilities more access to clean energy, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. 

The future is leaning toward cleaner power, but we still have lots to do. It means finding answers for rising demand, aging infrastructure, interconnections, and industry support. But as we check each box, powering our future becomes more possible.

Solar Project Anatomy: Exploring Remote Monitoring Systems 

Posted on by bop-admin

When you ask the average person about solar, their answer generally extends to what they see – endless rows of solar panels, racking systems, and thick bunches of PV wire.  

But beyond the main parts and pieces, vital accessory systems keep utility-scale solar operations running smoothly. From tracking weather and fighting fires to system monitoring and electrical grounding, these systems are the eyes and ears of every site.  

Though every solar project is unique, most large-scale sites share several monitoring systems. When they combine, the data they collect gives operators unparalleled insights into every aspect of their site.  

Remote Monitoring Systems  

Like the home security system protecting your house, cloud-based remote monitoring systems (RMSs) protect solar sites from potential damage.  

These systems monitor performance metrics and track voltage, output, and system status. Sensors collect data in real time and then send it via an internet connection to the cloud. Operators can access the data anytime to get vital information, see status changes, and make system changes remotely.  

Remote monitoring systems make operators more proactive, keeping power flowing with less boots-on-the-ground troubleshooting.  

Eyes in the Sky  

When used correctly, RMS identifies system failures before they cause damage or lost production.  

Sensors collect data 24/7, using the information to create baselines and trends. If something occurs at the solar site – for example, damaged panels or inverters, the system pings the operator. From there, the utility or owner can take action.  

But not every issue is a full-blown disaster. Remote monitoring’s ability to spot trends makes it easier to find improvement opportunities. If performance drops at certain times, for example, operators can send a crew out to look for shaded panels. A consistent performance decrease over time could signal soiled panels, meaning a cleaning might be due.  

Having access to detailed reports is a game-changer for operators. Remote monitoring works alongside other systems, including weather stations, to produce comprehensive reports using historical data. With it, operators can constantly make tweaks to improve performance. 

Remote Monitoring Limitations  

Unfortunately, remote monitoring systems aren’t perfect.  

Rural solar installations may not have reliable internet access, making it harder to send data to the cloud. With that said, operators have several options, including 4G/5G wireless connections, satellite internet, or point-to-point wireless networks.  

Additionally, like any internet-connected device, there’s always the risk of a cyberattack. If that happens, bad actors could access sensitive data and systems. For operators, cyberattacks may result in power disruptions and shutdowns or data loss and theft.  

Finally, monitoring systems can be expensive. Operators may need outside experts to set the system up correctly and ensure it’s collecting accurate data. With that said, hiring the right team is critical to getting everything you need out of the RMS.  

Solar Weather Monitor - Sun-Pull Wire

Weather (Meteorological) Stations  

Like remote monitoring systems, weather stations collect vast amounts of data. The difference is that the data they collect is environmental, not performance.  

Weather monitoring stations collect everything from solar radiation and temperature measurements to rain and snowfall totals, wind speed, and humidity data. Once combined, the data paints a picture of the overall conditions to help operators understand performance data.  

Together, RMS and weather data can answer questions tied to overall performance. For example, the two systems can explain what happens during weather events, giving operators the tools to develop maintenance, cleaning, or repair plans.  

Neither Snow, Nor Rain, Nor Heat…  

Although weather is unpredictable, it can be used to spot seasonal trends over time. 

As the WMS collects data, operators see more clearly what to expect during different parts of the year. It might not seem like much, but in areas with four distinct seasons, weather trend data is invaluable. With it, crews can plan for cleanings, maintenance, and other work when openings allow. 

For the average operator, accurate data does more than make scheduling easier. Over time, forecasting accuracy increases, backed by years of tracking data. Based on expected weather trends, operators can change panels’ tilt and facing to meet conditions and increase production.   

Trend data also helps operators determine the amount of risk weather events may cause to the system. Historical data can determine what past events did to the system, giving workers valuable clues about what to expect. 

More information leads to better risk management and fewer setbacks. 

Weather Monitoring Limitations  

Although WMS data is comprehensive, it’s also highly technical.  

Operators need specialists to set up and calibrate each monitoring station. Unfortunately, large solar farms can cover many acres, and conditions change from one spot to another. Depending on the size of the site, operators could need multiple stations to get full coverage and accurate data.   

Despite the cost, meteorological stations drastically improve the quality and quantity of data collected, especially when combined with remote monitoring systems.  

Fire Suppression Systems  

A fire is one of the worst things that can occur at a solar site.  

PV systems produce a lot of electricity, and fires can start if there is an arc, fault, or wire damage. Unfortunately, many utility-scale systems sit in remote areas, making it hard for crews and firefighters to respond quickly.  

When fires occur, expensive repairs are needed, potentially costing millions of dollars to get back up and running. 

Solar Farm Fire Risk Factors  

You’d be surprised how little it takes for a fire to erupt at a solar power site.  

Common causes include:  

Electrical issues: Small nicks in the wiring can create arcs and faults, leading to fires. Other components also pose fire threats, including overheating panels, inverter issues, and even short-circuiting battery storage.  

Lightning: Solar sites occupy a lot of land, making them targets for lightning strikes. When lightning hits the installation directly, it can damage panels, wiring, inverters, and other components. Indirect strikes are just as bad, leading to power surges and ground currents that could increase fire risk.  

Objects and plants: This is a two-fold problem. Plants and objects touching panels or electrical components risk getting shocked, electrocuted, or starting a fire.  

Meanwhile, plants or trees that cover parts of the solar panel with shade create hot spots. Over time, hot spots can lead to overheating and reduced power generation.  

Accidental damage: We all make mistakes, but sometimes mistakes lead to massive problems down the line. Nicks in the PV wire, damage to the panels, or even a faulty connector can start a fire.  

Fighting Fires from Afar  

Site operators have several options for remote fire suppression, ranging from water and misting to foams and carbon dioxide.  

Fire suppression systems monitor the site for issues and act to extinguish fires before they can spread. If a fire breaks out, these systems are the first line of defense, protecting valuable components until responders arrive.  

Of course, as good as a fire suppression system is, it doesn’t replace vigilance and planning. Operators need a fire prevention and protection plan to keep crews, local responders, utilities, and others informed.  

Grounding Systems  

When power surges or faults occur at a solar site, they threaten the entire system.  

Utilities rely on grounding systems to create a low-impendence route for electricity and prevent temporary overvoltage (TOV). When TOVs happen, the voltage rises above its usual levels for a sustained period. Unlike lightning strikes, which may spike voltages for a short time, TOVs could highlight fault conditions or other problems.  

Grounding systems are critical to any solar installation. Without them, solar sites could see component failures, fires, and total system failures. Grounding reduces the potential difference between the earth and energized surfaces is almost zero. 

Keeping Up with Codes  

From a safety standpoint, installing a grounding system makes sense. But if that isn’t enough evidence, effective grounding is required by many code departments.  

For prospective solar operators, that means working closely with local code departments to follow NEC standards. They might seem like additional hoops to jump through, but they ensure every project is as safe as possible.  

In other cases, many insurers require proper grounding for all systems before issuing an insurance policy.  

Systems for a Better Solar Energy Industry  

Solar sites across the United States rely on an intricate web of monitors to protect and optimize their sites.  

Let’s face it – clean energy projects are huge investments. If there’s a way for operators to protect them with cost-effective solutions, they will.   

Combining performance data, weather information and trends, and fire detection monitoring helps operators maximize their investments. As more features tie into the ever-growing Internet of Things (IoT), operators will continue making better decisions faster. Additionally, their teams are more effective because they aren’t relying on hunches and incomplete data. 

Solar energy is taking off in the United States – it’s only fair to assume site technology will grow alongside it. Most importantly, better technology leads to improved power output, more reliable systems, and happier end users.